Grapevine Rootstocks for Oregon Vineyards
If you are considering a vineyard planting in any of the number of Oregon American Viticultural Areas/Appellations, it is best recommended that a rootstock be considered in your planning. Rootstocks are one of the most important ways grape growers can better manage for a variety of vineyard problems and improve quality. Grape rootstocks contribute to pest and disease resistance including phylloxera and resistance to other soil-borne pests, such as nematodes. Furthermore, the use of rootstocks can help lessen vineyard problems due to soil conditions such as pH extremes, excess salt and nutrients. They can also improve adaptability to local climatic conditions such as shortened growing seasons, drought and excessively cool or hot growing conditions.
Important Rootstock Considerations
- Phylloxera resistance – Rootstocks are most commonly used to prevent soil pests or diseases, the most important being phylloxera and nematodes.
- Soil Adaption - Rootstocks are selected for their adaptation to particular soil and climate conditions.
- Drought Tolerance – Drought tolerance is an important consideration if irrigation will not be used.
- Modified Vigor –Choosing a rootstock that has the ability to modify the vigor of the scion is an important option.
- Advanced Maturity – The use of rootstocks on fruit ripening is of interest in cool-climate regions such as Oregon.
Rootstock Selections
The following are proven rootstocks in Oregon and perform well under our weather, soil and environmental conditions.
101-14 Mgt
- Vitis Parentage – Riparia x rupestris
- Phylloxera Resistance - High
- Nematode Resistance
- Root Knot – Medium to High
- Dagger – Medium to High
- Ring - High
- Tolerance
- Drought – Low to Medium
- Wet Soil - Medium
- Salinity - High
- Lime – Low to Medium
- Influence on Scion
- Vigor – Medium
Comments – Second most used rootstock in Oregon, requires deep soil, moist clay soils, tolerates wet soils, induces low yield-to-pruning ratios, not recommended for dry nonirrigated sites.
3309 C
- Vitis Parentage – Riparia x rupestris
- Phylloxera Resistance - High
- Nematode Resistance
- Root Knot – Low
- Dagger – Low
- Ring – Very Low
- Tolerance
- Drought – Low to Medium
- Wet Soil –Low to Medium
- Salinity – Low to Medium
- Lime – Low to Medium
- Influence on Scion
- Vigor – Low to Medium
Comments – Most widely used rootstock in Oregon, prefers deep, well-drained soil with good water-holding capacity, vines on this rootstock tend to over-crop, not recommended for dry nonirrigated sites, sensitive to latent viruses, tolerant of cold injury.
Riparia gloire
- Vitis Parentage – Riparia
- Phylloxera Resistance – Very High
- Nematode Resistance
- Root Knot – Low
- Dagger – Low
- Ring - Low
- Tolerance
- Drought – Low
- Wet Soil –Low
- Salinity – Medium
- Lime – Low
- Influence on Scion
- Vigor – Very Low to Medium
Comments – Third most used rootstock in Oregon prefers deep, well-drained, fertile and moist soils, good choice for fertile sites where low yields are desired, not recommended for dry nonirrigated sites, early maturation, scions tend to overbear.
Tags: climate, drought, grape, grapevine, grapevines, lime, nematode, phylloxera, plant, planting, plants, root, rootings, roots, rootstock, soils, vigor, vine, vines, vineyards, viticulture, vitis